The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence In Smart and Sustainable Architecture, Engineering, and Construction

The fourth industrial revolution has introduced transformative technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and big data, reshaping industries worldwide. In the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) sector, these advancements have catalyzed innovative frameworks like Construction ۴.۰ and the emerging Construction ۵.۰, promising smarter, sustainable, and human-centric solutions. Industry ۴.۰ represents a shift toward integrating information, objects, and people in cyber-physical environments, transforming traditional factories into intelligent systems. Although still in progress, the concept of Industry ۵.۰ is emerging, focusing on reintegrating the human element into production systems through human-robot collaboration (HRC). But how AI, IoT, and big data are driving the digital transformation of the AEC industry? This study evaluates AI's applications, such as predictive maintenance, adaptive infrastructure, and real-time resource management, and examines their implications on efficiency, sustainability, and labor dynamics. Quantitative data from recent implementations highlight reductions in construction timelines and costs, while qualitative insights reveal concerns about job displacement and the demand for advanced technical skills. Findings indicate that while AI enhances operational efficiency and sustainability, its adoption poses significant challenges to human labor. Automation of repetitive and analytical tasks risks marginalizing traditional roles, widening the digital skills gap. Conversely, integrating AI with IoT fosters transparency and resilience in construction, supporting broader societal goals like the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This research underscores the importance of a balanced, human-centric approach to technology adoption. It calls for strategic collaborations among policymakers, industry leaders, and technologists to develop ethical frameworks, upskilling programs, and regulatory measures to mitigate workforce displacement. Such measures are essential for aligning technological innovation with social equity and sustainability, ensuring the AEC industry transitions seamlessly into a future where both human and technological contributions are valued. By addressing these challenges, the study highlights AI's potential to not only revolutionize construction practices but also set a precedent for equitable and inclusive technological integration across industries.

کلیدواژه ها:

Artificial Intelligence ، Big Data ، Construction ۴.۰ ، Construction ۵.۰ ، Internet of Things ، Sustainable Construction