Changes in Brain Waves During Anesthesia: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Understanding changes in brain waves during anesthesia is crucial for optimizing patient safety, refining anesthetic management, and minimizing perioperative neurological complications. EEG-guided anesthesia enables real-time assessment of cerebral function, facilitating precise titration and early detection of intraoperative awareness or neurotoxicity. Material and methods: This systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, included peer-reviewed studies reporting EEG changes during anesthesia in humans. Comprehensive literature searches across major databases identified eligible observational and interventional studies. Two reviewers independently screened records, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using validated tools. Heterogeneity was evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively, with subgroup and sensitivity analyses performed to ensure robustness and reliability of findings related to anesthetic-induced neurophysiological alterations.Results: A systematic search utilizing MeSH terms and free-text keywords identified ۱,۲۵۸ articles, with ۱,۰۱۷ records screened after removal of duplicates. Ninety-six articles underwent full-text assessment according to strict inclusion criteria, resulting in the exclusion of eighty-seven studies. Ultimately, nine eligible studies—comprising five observational, three interventional, and one mixed-methods design—were included. This transparent selection process is detailed in the PRISMA flowchart and summarized across three analytical tables.Conclusion: In summary, this systematic review highlights the diversity of research on EEG and neurophysiological monitoring during anesthesia. Out of ۱,۲۵۸ identified records, nine studies met all eligibility criteria, encompassing observational, interventional, and mixed-methods designs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Electroencephalography (EEG) ، Anesthetic Depth Monitoring ، Intraoperative Neurophysiology ، Cerebral Oscillations