Prevalence of Mucormycosis Following COVID-۱۹ Infection: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Mucormycosis, an aggressive fungal infection, has emerged as a severe complication in COVID-۱۹ patients, particularly in those with diabetes mellitus and corticosteroid exposure. This systematic review aims to assess the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and risk factors of post-COVID-۱۹ mucormycosis.Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Observational studies, case series, and case reports describing mucormycosis in confirmed COVID-۱۹ patients were included. Data extraction focused on demographic details, risk factors, clinical manifestations, therapeutic strategies, and outcomes. Meta-analysis was performed where applicable, with heterogeneity assessed using I² statistics.Results: Among ۱,۲۴۵ cases, the majority were male (۶۶.۸۴%) with a mean age of ۵۴.۷۲ years. Diabetes mellitus (۷۳.۹۷%) and corticosteroid use (۷۰.۴۸%) were major risk factors. Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis was the predominant form (۶۹.۸۰%). Antifungal therapy, primarily liposomal amphotericin B (۸۰.۹۷%), and surgical debridement (۶۳.۳۷%) were mainstay treatments. The in-hospital mortality rate was ۴۱.۱۳%, highlighting poor prognosis.Conclusion: Post-COVID-۱۹ mucormycosis poses significant challenges, with high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis, judicious steroid use, and timely surgical intervention are crucial for improving outcomes. Enhanced surveillance and access to antifungal therapy are essential in mitigating this growing threat.

کلیدواژه ها:

COVID-۱۹ ، Mucormycosis ، Diabetes Mellitus ، corticosteroids