Design, synthesis of novel pyrazole derivatives and demonstrate their biological activity as drug candidates: A review

Pyrazoles are an important class of five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing two adjacent nitrogen atoms, known for their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. These compounds have garnered significant interest in medicinal chemistry due to their diverse therapeutic applications, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-tubercular, anti-AIDS, and anti-anxiety effects. The structural versatility and biological relevance of pyrazoles have led to extensive investigations from both chemical and biological perspectives. Recent developments in synthetic methodologies have further expanded the accessibility and structural diversity of pyrazole derivatives. Various synthetic strategies—such as cyclization, condensation, and metal-catalyzed reactions—have been employed to construct pyrazole scaffolds efficiently. This growing interest highlights the potential of pyrazoles as key pharmacophores in drug discovery and development

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Keywords: Heterocyclic compound ، Pyrazole derivatives ، Synthesis ، biological activities