Updated catalogue of Iran’s endemic angiosperms

Iran hosts a remarkable concentration of endemic plant species due to its complex topography, varied climates, and biogeographical position at the intersection of major floristic regions. This study presents a thorough and updated checklist of angiosperm species endemic to Iran, using and integrating data from all volumes of Flora Iranica, Flora of Iran, and global biodiversity databases such as POWO, IPNI, and GBIF. In total, ۲,۵۰۳ endemic species (۳۱% of the total angiosperm flora of Iran) are documented. Infraspecific ranks (e.g. subspecies and varieties) are not included. The endemic species are distributed across ۳۳۳ genera, ۵۸ families, and ۲۶ orders. The families with the highest number of endemic species, in descending order of species richness, are Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Apiaceae, Boraginaceae, Rosaceae, Brassicaceae, Amaryllidaceae, and Plumbaginaceae. Similarly, the genera with the highest number of endemic species, in descending order, include Astragalus, Cousinia, Allium, Acantholimon, Echinops, Dionysia, Onosma, Centaurea, Nepeta, and Onobrychis. The checklist is organized alphabetically, including accepted species names, authors’ names, publication dates, and family names. By consolidating scattered data sources into a united reference, this work provides a solid foundation for future research in systematics, biogeography, and environmental management.

کلیدواژه ها:

. Conservation priority ، endemic species checklist ، Iranian flora ، Irano-Turanian Region ، Phytogeography ، plant endemism