PLA/Nanoclay Biopolymer Nanocomposites: Structure, Modification, and Food Packaging Applications

The development of sustainable and high-performance packaging materials has attracted significant attention due to growing environmental concerns and consumer demand for safer food storage solutions. This work focuses on the structure, modification, and application of nanoclays in polylactic acid (PLA)-based biopolymer nanocomposites for food packaging. Nanoclays, owing to their layered morphology, ion-exchange capacity, and ability to interact with polymer chains, serve as efficient nanofillers that enhance the physicochemical performance of biopolymers. However, their inherent hydrophilicity limits dispersion within hydrophobic polymer matrices, which necessitates surface modification using surfactants or coupling agents. Different synthesis routes, including solution blending, melt blending, and in-situ polymerization, are examined with respect to achieving homogeneous dispersion and improved exfoliation of nanoclays. The incorporation of nanoclays into PLA is shown to significantly improve mechanical strength, barrier resistance to oxygen and moisture, rheological behavior, and thermal stability. Furthermore, nanoclays impart antimicrobial and smart functionalities, supporting the development of active and intelligent packaging systems. These improvements directly contribute to enhanced food safety, extended shelf life, and reduced environmental impact through biodegradability. Overall, PLA/nanoclay nanocomposites demonstrate strong potential as next-generation materials for food packaging, combining renewable origins, functional performance, and sustainability.

کلیدواژه ها:

PLA ، nanoclay ، biopolymer nanocomposites ، food packaging ، barrier properties ، biodegradability