MOFs -Assisted Carbonaceous Hybrid for High -Performance Electrochemical Sensing of Synthetic Dyes

Quinoline Yellow (QY) is a widely used synthetic dye in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. However, excessive intake of QY has been associated with adverse effects such as allergies, behavioral disorders in children, and hepatotoxicity. Therefore, the development of sensitive, rapid, and accurate detection methods for QY in real samples is of significant importance. In this study, a novel electrochemical sensor was developed by modifying a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with a nanocomposite based on bimetallic Ni@Cu Metal–Organic Frameworks (Ni@Cu-MOFs) integrated with biochar-graphene. The Ni@Cu-MOFs/biochar-graphene composite was synthesized via a facile co-precipitation method involving pyrolysis of a biomass-derived precursor followed by metal deposition in the presence of organic ligands. This strategy yielded a material with high surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and homogeneous distribution of metal sites within the carbon matrix. Electrochemical analyses demonstrated the superior analytical performance of the fabricated sensor toward QY detection. The linear detection range was established from ۰.۰۱ to ۸۰.۰ µM, with a remarkably low limit of detection (LOD) of ۲.۹ nM. The sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of ۲.۱۸ µA/µM and an excellent linear correlation coefficient (R² > ۰.۹۹۸). Furthermore, the sensor showed outstanding stability (signal deviation < ۴.۲% over ۱۵ days), good selectivity in the presence of common interfering ions and molecules, and satisfactory repeatability with a relative standard deviation (RSD) below ۳.۵% for five repeated measurements. The practical applicability of the sensor was validated by determining QY in commercial soft drinks and candies, achieving recovery rates ranging from ۹۶.۸% to ۱۰۳.۲%. The findings underscore the significant potential of the Ni@Cu-MOFs/biochar-graphene-modified GCE as a robust and reliable platform for the real-time detection of synthetic dyes in food matrices.

کلیدواژه ها:

Quinoline Yellow ، Metal–organic frameworks ، biochar-Graphene ، Electrochemical Sensor