Modified SBA-۱۶ mesoporous materials as heterogenized homogeneous catalysts for organic transformations

The development of efficient and sustainable catalytic systems for organic transformations is pivotal for advancing green chemistry and renewable energy applications. In this regard, the design and application of modified SBA-۱۶ mesoporous materials as heterogeneous catalysts have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their unique structural features and tunable surface chemistry. Recent advancements in the functionalization and utilization of SBA-۱۶ materials for organic transformations, with a particular emphasis on the production of ۵-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from carbohydrate sources under mild conditions, are discussed. The well-ordered cubic mesostructure, large surface area, and high thermal stability of SBA-۱۶ make it an ideal platform for creating highly efficient and selective catalysts. Key functionalization strategies, including the incorporation of acidic, basic, and bifunctional active sites, are discussed in relation to their catalytic performance. Moreover, the influence of reaction parameters, such as temperature, solvent, and catalyst loading on product yield and selectivity is discussed. Comparative studies between SBA-۱۶ and other mesoporous materials, including SBA-۱۵ and MCM-۴۱, are presented to underscore the advantages of SBA-۱۶ in terms of structural robustness and catalytic efficiency. Challenges related to catalyst stability and recyclability are also addressed, providing insights into areas for future research and development. By integrating recent findings and identifying knowledge gaps, this report aims to guide the rational design of next-generation heterogeneous catalysts for green chemistry applications.

کلیدواژه ها:

Heterogeneous Catalysis ، Mesoporous Material ، Hydroxymethylfurfural ، Biomass