The Role of Automation and Robotics in Improving Productivity and Reducing Costs in Manufacturing Industries

The rapid integration of Automation and Robotics (A&R) has redefined the manufacturing sector, emerging as a cornerstone of Industry ۴.۰. By leveraging advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine Vision (MV), Modern Manufacturing Systems (MMS) are achieving unprecedented levels of productivity while significantly reducing operational costs. This paper investigates the role of Industrial Robots (IRs), Collaborative Robots (Cobots), and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) in optimizing production cycles, minimizing human error, and enhancing quality consistency. The study further highlights how predictive maintenance, data-driven decision-making, and real-time monitoring contribute to substantial cost savings and resource efficiency. Case studies from the automotive and electronics industries demonstrate measurable improvements in throughput, defect reduction, and energy consumption following the adoption of A&R solutions. Despite barriers such as high capital expenditure and workforce upskilling requirements, the findings suggest that A&R technologies provide a sustainable and scalable pathway toward Smart Manufacturing (SM). This research emphasizes the strategic necessity of adopting A&R to maintain global competitiveness in highly dynamic industrial environments.

کلیدواژه ها:

Automation and Robotics ، Industry ۴.۰ ، Smart Manufacturing ، Collaborative Robots ، Productivity Improvement ، Cost Reduction