Application of graphene oxide in bio electrochemistry

Graphene is a two-dimensional (۲D) planar sheet of carbon atoms in a hexagonal configuration where the atoms are sp۲-bonded [۳۳]. Graphene sheets are formed by placing carbon atoms together. In a graphene sheet, each tetravalent carbon atom is connected to three other carbon atoms with three covalent bonds. These three links are on the same plane and the angles between them are equal to ۱۲۰ degrees. In ۲۰۰۴, a group of physicists at the University of Manchester, led by Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselev, used a simple and very different method to produce graphene, leading to a revolution in the field. Using ۳D graphite, they produced a single sheet (a monolayer of atoms) of it through a micromechanical layer-by-layer method. This method led to the easy production of high-quality graphene crystals with dimensions of more than one hundred micrometers. Graphene, this two-dimensional nanomaterial (۲D) is the newest member of the family of multidimensional carbon materials, which includes fullerenes as zero-dimensional nanomaterials (۰D), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) as one-dimensional nanomaterials (۱D), and graphite as a three-dimensional material (۳D). Graphene is a two-dimensional allotrope of carbon (one atom thick) with a honeycomb structure. In terms of strength, this material is one of the strongest materials known so far. This composition is the basic constituent of carbon nanotubes and large fullerenes.

کلیدواژه ها:

graphene oxide ، Bio Electrochemistry ، Chemical engineering ، SWNT ، Two-dimensional Nanomaterial