A Survey upon the Determination of Chlorinity of Water with Removing Some Interfering & Toxic Agents

In This paper, our attempt is removing some of toxic agents such as dichromate indicator for determinating without the toxic agents. Also, this method can be extended for removing the other toxic agents and finally, applying non polluted water for different usages. In order to improve the old method by alleviating the environmental problems associated with the toxic dichromate, a new method for determining chlorinity of water has been applied. This applied method utilizes a mediator, a weak acid which is able to constitute an insoluble salt with the titrant. The mediator triggers a sudden change in pH at an equivalence point in a titration. Thus, the equivalence point can be determined either potentiometrically (using a pH meter) or simply with an acid-base indicator. Three nontoxic mediators (phosphate, EDTA, and sulfite) were tested, and optimal conditions for the sharpest pH changes were sought. A combination of phosphate (a mediator) and phenolphthalein (an indicator) was found to be the most successful. The choices of the initial pH and the concentration of the mediator are critical in this approach. The optimum concentration of the mediator is ca. 1~2 mM, and the optimum value of the initial pH is ca. 9 for phosphate/phenolphthalein system. The method was applied to a sample of sea water, and the results are compared with those from the conventional Mohr-Knudsen method. The new method yieded chlorinity of a sample of sea water of (17.58 ±0.22) g/kg, which is about 2.5% higher than the value (17.12 ±0.22) g/kg from the old method. This new method is applicable in water treatment process.

کلیدواژه های A Survey upon the Determination of Chlorinity of Water with Removing Some Interfering & Toxic Agents:

toxic agents ، water ، chlorinity ، PH ، indicator ، water treatment process