Investigating the Pattern of Functional Spaces in Residential Buildings Affected by the Climate of Regions (A Case Study of Cold Regions in Iran)

Climate and geographical weather conditions are among the most significant factors influencing the design of cities and architectural structures in Iran. Their impact can be observed throughout the fundamental layers of urban areas, even extending to individual buildings and interior architectural elements. In Iran, the architecture of buildings and cities in various climates represents one of the most prominent and distinctive manifestations of climate's influence on urban form and building design. Cities, urban elements, and their functionality have always been affected and shaped by climatic and environmental factors. Therefore, functional spaces in vernacular architecture have been shaped more by environmental and climatic factors than any other element. The design of functional spaces, particularly in terms of climatic considerations, necessitates adherence to specific guidelines in vernacular residential architecture. As a result, these spaces have developed distinct climatic structures in various regions and under the influence of environmental conditions. The main focus of this research is to investigate the architectural-climatic patterns of functional spaces in vernacular residential buildings in the cold region of Iran. The aim is to understand the variables related to material compatibility, spatial organization, and environmental conditions that influence the climatic typology of the targeted region's architecture. The researcher seeks to explore diverse patterns of functional spaces in residential buildings related to climate. By clustering the Dfa, Dfb, and Dsa climate types, the optimal number of clusters was determined to be ۶, ۳, and ۸, respectively. Consequently, it can be concluded that the material structure of functional spaces in vernacular residential architecture in the cold region of Iran exhibits similar climatic patterns. The results of this study were obtained by analyzing the material structure and climatic criteria in selected samples from various climates in the cold region of Iran, which represent different housing typologies in this area.

کلیدواژه ها:

Functional spaces ، residential buildings ، cold regions ، climatic organization