Cesarean Delivery, Fathers' Education and COVID-۱۹ infection affect the incidence of Congenital Heart Defects

Background: Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common type of birth defect worldwide. In this study, we investigated the sociodemographic findings and echocardiographic abnormality and the related variables in the children who were referred to the heart clinic of Urmia University of Medical sciences. Material and methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on the children who referred to the children's heart clinics of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. The ages of studied population was ranged from newborn to ۱۵ years. The medical records of all diagnosed patients with CHDs and or children with physiologic patent foramen ovale (PFO) were included in the study. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics ۲۳ and a p-value of ۰.۰۵ was considered statistically significant. Results: Echocardiographic analysis of children showed that the mean stroke volume and the mean left ventricular fractional shortening were ۶۳.۰۳ ± ۳.۹۴ ml and ۳۳.۴۱ ± ۳.۵۰% respectively. We observed that there is an association between tricuspid regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension (p-value ۰.۰۰۰۱). The rate of PFO was ۲۷.۶% in our studied population. The atrial septal defect (ASD) was most frequent disorder. We found that COVID-۱۹ infection (P<۰.۰۰۱), delivery route (P<۰.۰۱۵), and father education (P<۰.۰۲) had a significant association with CHDs incidence. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is recommended cesarean delivery, COVID-۱۹ infection and the father's education be considered as important variables in CHDs predisposition.

کلیدواژه ها:

Congenital Heart Defects ، COVID۱۹ ، Cesarean ، Education