A Multi-Level Study of Competencies, Leadership Styles, Job Satisfaction and Performance in an Organization Using Structural Equation Modeling

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of conceptual, personal, and technical leadership competencies on transformational and transactional leadership styles, as well as the relationship of these two leadership styles with job satisfaction and job performance, through a multilevel analysis of each of the strategic, operational, and tactical leadership levels in the military organization in Ecuador. To test the hypotheses, a structural equation model was developed and tested using data from ۳۶۱ respondents nationwide. The MLQ Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire was employed to identify leadership styles. The results show that personal and technical competencies have statistically significant and positive relationships with the two leadership styles, which in turn influence job satisfaction and performance. The significant relationships at each leadership level are different, and some are consistent with existing literature. One of the practical implications is the analysis and training of organizational leaders, highlighting their need for development at each organizational level. This research offers originality and value by examining relationships through a multilevel analysis of variables that have not been previously combined in the literature on this topic. The study carried out can be useful for any type of organization. Discussions, implications, and limitations are presented, and future research is proposed.

کلیدواژه ها:

Multilevel ، Competencies ، Leadership styles ، job satisfaction ، Job performance