A Review of Scalable and Efficient Techniques for the Purification of Lectins

Lectins are a complex group of proteins that play a pivotal role in various biological processes, including cell signaling, adhesion, and recognition. They have emerged as key players in the fields of glycoscience, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical research. The therapeutic potential of plant lectins, particularly in the context of cancer treatment, has garnered significant attention in recent years, with studies highlighting their cytotoxic properties and ability to selectively target cancer cells. The unique carbohydrate-binding properties of lectins, which are influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, and metal ions, make them valuable tools for a range of applications, from biomedical research to industrial biotechnology. However, efficient extraction and purification methods are essential to unlock their full potential. This review explores the various methods used in the extraction and purification of lectins, including Ammonium sulphate precipitation, Gel filtration, Affinity chromatography, Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction System (ATPE), and Magnetic separation. We highlight the opportunities and challenges in this field, discussing the current status and benefits of each method. While traditional techniques such as Chromatography often suffer from limitations such as low yield, poor specificity, and harsh processing conditions, newer methods like ATPE and Magnetic separation offer high selectivity, gentle processing conditions, and scalable operation, There remains a need for further research to optimize these processes and enhance yield and purity.

کلیدواژه ها:

lectin ، Affinity chromatography ، Gel filtration ، Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction (ATPE) ، Magnetic separation