Immune Assessment in Patients with Implant-Supported Dental Prostheses: A Comprehensive Review

This comprehensive review addresses the intricate relationship between the immune system and implant-supported dental prostheses, emphasizing its pivotal role in treatment success or failure. Key components explored in this review include the immune system’s initial response to implant materials, the cytokine networks regulating inflammation and healing, and the impact of microbial colonization on peri-implant health. The review also investigates the influence of systemic conditions, such as diabetes, smoking, and immunosuppression, on immune-mediated outcomes. Furthermore, it highlights cutting-edge advancements in immune assessment technologies, including biomarker profiling and machine learning applications, which are shaping personalized diagnostics and treatment strategies. Further, practical approaches for optimizing clinical outcomes through material innovations, immune modulation, and patient-specific care plans are presented, offering valuable insights to enhance the longevity and success of implant-supported dental prostheses. In addition, implant-supported dental prostheses are widely used to restore function and aesthetics in patients with missing teeth. However, the interaction between the immune system and implant materials is a critical determinant of the success or failure of these treatments. This review explores the immune processes involved in the integration and potential rejection of dental implants, emphasizing the impact of implant materials, microbial colonization, and systemic health conditions on immune responses. Additionally, it underscores strategies to optimize clinical outcomes by leveraging immune assessments.