Peroxi-Electrocoagulation removal of heavy metal particles by a stainless steel electrode coated with TiO۲ nanoparticles and an Iron electrode

This study explored cadmium removal from aqueous solutions using peroxi-electrocoagulation (PEC) with iron and TiO۲-coated stainless steel electrodes, varying geometry (non-perforated/perforated). FESEM, FTIR, and EDX characterized the TiO۲ coating. Response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) optimized electrocoagulation (EC), determining pH ۶, ۱.۲ A current, and ۶۲ minutes as optimal. Subsequently, PEC was conducted under these conditions (۱۰۰ mg/L cadmium), examining electrode material and shape effects with/without H۲O۲. ۸۰-minute experiments assessed pH/temperature variations. The iron electrode configuration achieved ۹۷.۱% (with H۲O۲) and ۹۷.۰۷% (without H۲O۲) cadmium removal. The iron anode/ TiO۲-coated stainless steel cathode achieved ۹۵% (with H۲O۲) and ۹۶.۶۶% (without H۲O۲). Energy consumption for iron electrodes was ۱۳.۴۱ kWh/m³ (with H۲O۲) and ۱۴.۱۴ kWh/m³ (without H۲O۲), while the iron anode/ TiO۲-coated stainless steel cathode consumed ۱۳.۵۴ kWh/m³ (with H۲O۲) and ۱۱.۸۱ kWh/m³ (without H۲O۲). Kinetic analysis showed first-order kinetics for iron electrodes without H۲O۲, and both configurations with H۲O۲. Thermodynamic analysis indicated an endothermic, non-spontaneous, and chaotic process. Moreover, FTIR examined the electrode geometry. Results showed the iron electrode configuration with H۲O۲ provided the most effective removal with lower energy consumption.

کلیدواژه ها:

PEC electrodes ، nano-coated electrode ، electrocoagulation ، TiO۲ Nanoparticle ، water pollution