Predictive Value of Endometrial Thickness and Pattern in Assisted Reproductive Technology Outcomes: A Narrative Review

Generally, infertility stands as a major global concern affecting millions of couples in reproductive age, among which endometrial condition with its thickness and pattern becomes an utmost factor for the successful implantation during ART cycles. This review discusses correlations between endometrial thickness (EMT) and pattern with reproductive outcomes, while emphasizing their aptitudes for prediction of success for ARTs like IVF or ICSI procedures. Systematic searches were done on the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, SID, and Google Scholar by using the following keywords: "endometrium," "infertility," "tissue engineering," and "assisted reproduction." Of these, ۴۲ articles published between ۲۰۰۰ and ۲۰۲۵ were selected for critical analysis. The results showed that, although EMT has an important bearing on pregnancy outcome, its predictive ability is often modified by other variables such as embryo quality and/or hormonal and treatment protocols. But, optimal EMT, usually between ۷ and ۱۴ mm, has been correlated with greater clinical pregnancy and live birth rates, as the implantation might be reduced in cases of both very thin and excessively thick endometria. Also, trilaminar endometrial pattern was shown positively associated with greater receptivity, although the variability exists in the literature. Jointly assessing both EMT and pattern gives greater predictive values compared to either alone. Novel technologies in tissue engineering present an interesting perspective for women suffering from endometrial dysfunction. These could provide structural and hormonal support to help restore uterine receptivity. However, because several factors act on implantation, a more thorough assessment must also include sonographic parameters, hormone levels, uterine blood flow, and embryo competence. In summary, this review stresses the need for an integrated approach to various endometrial parameters in order to enhance ART outcomes and indicates the promising role of regenerative medicine in treating infertility.

کلیدواژه ها:

Endometrial tissue ، reproductive failure ، the female reproductive apparatus ، regenerative medicine ، and reproductive assistance