A Review of Conductive Graphene-Polymer Composites: Fabrication, Properties, and Applications in Advanced Technologies

Graphene-polymer composites represent a transformative class of conductive materials, combining the unparalleled electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of graphene with the versatility and processability of polymers. This review systematically examines the state-of-the-art in the design, fabrication, and application of these composites, with a focus on their structure-property relationships and performance optimization. Advanced synthesis techniques—including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), liquid-phase exfoliation, and in situ polymerization—are critically analyzed, emphasizing their scalability, efficiency, and limitations. Central to enhancing composite performance are strategies such as graphene surface functionalization and tailored polymer matrix selection, which optimize interfacial interactions and dispersion homogeneity. The review highlights cutting-edge applications in energy storage (supercapacitors), sensing technologies, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and flexible electronics, highlighting the composites' multifunctionality. Despite significant progress, challenges in large-scale production, long-term stability, and cost-effective manufacturing remain barriers to industrial adoption. Emerging solutions, such as AI-driven material design, sustainable fabrication routes, and the development of self-healing or stimuli-responsive composites, are discussed as promising avenues for future research. By integrating fundamental insights with applied advancements, this review provides a comprehensive roadmap for the next generation of conductive graphene-polymer composites, bridging the gap between laboratory innovation and commercial deployment.

کلیدواژه ها:

Graphene-Polymer Composites ، Conductive Polymers ، Nanocomposites ، Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ، Energy Storage ، Sensors