Green Hydrothermal Synthesis of SAPO-۳۴/ZSM-۵ Composites: Effects of Water Recycling on Crystallinity and Morphology

In line with green chemistry principles, a sustainable route for synthesizing SAPO-۳۴/ZSM-۵ composites was developed by recycling the mother liquor during a two-step hydrothermal process. XRD and SEM analyses revealed that avoiding fresh water in the second step not only conserved resources but also enhanced crystallinity, interfacial interaction, and oriented attachment between SAPO-۳۴ and ZSM-۵ phases. In contrast, additional water diluted the system, suppressing effective growth. This approach demonstrates that simple solvent management can tune crystal growth behavior, reduce waste, and eliminate unnecessary reagents, offering a practical, eco-friendly pathway for designing efficient microporous composite materials.

کلیدواژه ها:

SAPO-۳۴/ZSM-۵ ، Green synthesis ، Hydrothermal crystallization ، Mother liquor recycling ، Morphology