Evaluation of the Effects of Oral Exposure to Bisphenol A on Reproductive Parameters in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under Semi-Industrial Aquaculture Conditions

The industrialization and improper disposal of wastes have bestowed with an ill fate the aquatic ecosystems with contaminants like bisphenol A (BPA), among other endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). This study investigates the chronic oral effects of BPA on reproductive indices in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), an important aquaculture species. Eighty fish were assigned to four groups and fed diets supplemented with BPA at ۰, ۱, ۵, or ۱۰ mg BPA/kg for ۸ weeks. The results showed dose-dependent declines in the gonadosomatic index (GSI), sperm quality (motility, viability, morphology), sex hormones (testosterone, estradiol, FSH, LH), and fecundity. Histopathological examination revealed severe gonadal damage at higher doses. Alteration in sex ratio was also noted in the group with the highest exposure. These data emphasize the significant reproductive toxicity of oral BPA and underline the need for monitoring and regulating BPA contamination in aquaculture. Rainbow trout are proposed as a sensitive bioindicator for reproductive endocrine disruption in aquatic toxicology.

کلیدواژه ها:

Bisphenol A (BPA) ، Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ، Endocrine disruption ، Reproductive performance ، Environmental pollution