Incidence and Laboratory Predictors of Acute Ischemic Stroke in COVID-۱۹: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The possibility of central nervous system (CNS) involvement following Coronavirus Disease ۲۰۱۹ (COVID-۱۹) is rare. Laboratory tests may play a predictive role in the occurrence of stroke. Objective: The objectives of this study were twofold: first, to investigate the incidence of acute stroke, and second, to examine the role of laboratory tests in predicting the occurrence of these events following infection. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over one year. The inclusion criteria were as follows: patients over ۱۸ years of age with a positive multiple polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test result or typical lung CT findings of confirmed cases of pneumonia due to COVID-۱۹ and who had undergone a brain CT scan due to suspicion of brain damage. The patients were divided into two groups, with and without brain damage, and compared with each other. The chi-square test was employed to evaluate the correlation between the qualitative variables, while the Mann-Whitney U test and the Student's t-test were applied to analyze the quantitative variables. Subsequently, logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between patient outcomes and the pertinent variables. A p-value of less than ۰.۰۵ was established as indicative of statistical significance. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS. Results: Among the ۶۶۰۴ patients, ۹۸ underwent brain CT scans, of which ۹.۱۸% had stroke. Notably, ۰.۵۵% of all patients had acute ischemic stroke, a proportion that was significantly higher in women than in men. A statistically significant difference was observed in blood glucose (BG) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) levels among patients with ischemic stroke compared to those without stroke (p < ۰.۰۵). In both univariate and multivariate analyses with logistic regression, the three variables gender, blood glucose, and aPTT were significantly associated with the incidence of ischemic stroke. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) values for BG and aPTT were determined to be ۰.۶۶ and ۰.۶۷, respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of acute stroke following COVID-۱۹ infection is not common. In female patients, decreased blood glucose and decreased aPTT were associated with an increased incidence of ischemic stroke following infection.

کلیدواژه ها:

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ، Blood glucose ، COVID-۱۹ ، Stroke