A Review on MXenes and Its Various Potential Synthesis Strategies

The emergence of MXenes, a novel class of two-dimensional (۲D) materials, has revolutionized the field of nanomaterials due to their unique structural, electronic, and mechanical properties. MXenes, derived from MAX phases through selective etching processes, exhibit exceptional electrical conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, and diverse functional properties. These characteristics have enabled their application in energy storage, catalysis, sensing, and beyond. Traditional synthesis methods, predominantly relying on hazardous hydrofluoric acid (HF), have raised safety and scalability concerns, prompting the exploration of alternative approaches. Recent advancements include fluoride-free etching, electrochemical techniques, and innovative bottom-up strategies such as atomic layer deposition and pyrolysis. These methods enhance the safety, scalability, and environmental sustainability of MXene production while enabling precise control over material properties. Furthermore, the development of functional MXene composites and quantum dots has expanded their applicability, particularly in energy conversion and advanced optoelectronics. Research continues to address challenges such as stability, scalability, and surface termination control. This review synthesizes the progress in MXene synthesis methodologies and highlights their transformative potential in next-generation technologies. By promoting innovations in synthesis and functionalization, MXenes promise to unlock novel applications and drive advancements in materials science and engineering.

کلیدواژه ها:

MXenes ، ۲D nanomaterials ، fluoride-free etching ، synthesis strategies ، Energy Storage