Aflatoxin B۱ Measurement in Traditional Kermanshah Cookies and Risk Assessment in Dietary Exposure

Background: Aflatoxins (AFs), especially the B۱ subtype, present a significant threat to public health. Chronic exposure to AFB۱ has been associated with the development of serious diseases, such as cancer. Therefore, detecting and controlling its presence in food is crucial for preventing long-term health issues. Methods: In the present study, we collected ۴۰ samples of four types of traditional Kermanshahi cookies from a local market at random intervals throughout ۲۰۲۳ (Nanbernji, Kak, Nankhormaii, and Nanroghani). These samples were examined for AFB۱ contamination using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The risk of exposure to this toxin was then calculated by utilizing a Food Frequency Questionnaire and various parameters (Estimation Daily Intake, Lifetime Average Daily Dose, Margin of Exposure, excess individual lifetime risk of cancer) were calculated using Crystal Ball software. Statistical analysis was conducted using a completely randomized design with three replications. Results: The concentration of AFB۱ in Nanbernji, Kak, Nanroghani, and Nankhormaii (traditional Kermanshah cookies) was ۳.۱۲, ۲.۹۹, ۱.۶۴, and ۳.۹۵ μg/kg, respectively. The AFB۱ contamination levels in Kermanshah's traditional cookies exceeded the European Union's limit of two ng/g. The Margin of Exposure for all cookie samples in both adult and teenage age groups was higher than ۱۰,۰۰۰ except for Nanroghani consumption in individuals under ۱۸ years old. Based on health evaluation results, all age groups in Kermanshah were found to be at risk of cancer. Conclusion: Considering the consumption of these traditional sweets by individuals and the risk of cancer in the study population, competent authorities must adopt a supervisory approach and develop a documented national program. DOI: ۱۰.۱۸۵۰۲/jfqhc.۱۲.۲.۱۸۸۵۸

کلیدواژه ها:

Aflatoxin B۱ ، Risk Assessment ، Food Contamination ، Dietary Exposure