Background and Aims: Spinal deformities, including scoliosis, kyphosis, and kyphoscoliosis, represent complex challenges in clinical care.
۳D printing technology has emerged as a groundbreaking innovation, offering unparalleled precision and customization in both surgical and non-surgical management. This review explores the integration of
۳D printing in spinal deformity therapies, focusing on its influence on surgical accuracy, clinical outcomes, and patient-centric innovations. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with search terms “scoliosis,” “kyphosis,” “spinal deformities,” and “۳D print*” (September ۲۰۲۴). Studies involving
۳D printing for surgical or non-surgical applications were included. Data extraction and thematic analysis were performed collaboratively, organizing findings based on methodologies and clinical outcomes. Results: The application of
۳D printing in spinal deformity treatments has demonstrated diverse clinical advancements. The integration of
۳D printing in spinal deformity treatments has driven notable clinical advancements across surgical and non-surgical domains. Navigation templates improved pedicle screw placement reliability, achieving correction rates between ۵۵%-۶۸%, accuracy rates consistently exceeding ۹۰%, and precision rates averaging ۹۳%-۹۷%, while reducing intraoperative complications and enhancing surgical precision. Preoperative ۳D planning models provided accurate visualization of complex anatomies, enabling osteotomy precision rates of ۹۷% and improving patient safety. Personalized guidance templates further enhanced fixation segment determination and surgical efficiency. Non-surgical innovations included ۳D-printed braces that optimized pressure distribution, improved patient comfort, and minimized X-ray dependency, alongside posture correctors improving spinal alignment for kyphosis. Despite its transformative potential, barriers such as high production costs, material variability, and lack of standardization highlight the need for further research to broaden its accessibility and maximize its clinical impact. Conclusion:
۳D printing has transformed spinal deformity management by uniting precision engineering with patient-centered care, improving surgical accuracy, reducing complications, and enhancing patient satisfaction. The technology holds significant promise in addressing healthcare gaps in LMICs, offering scalable and
