An Energy-Efficient Load Balancing Scheme Using Multi-hop D۲D Relay Communication in Heterogeneous Networks

The introduction of device-to-device (D۲D) communication and cooperative relay telecommunications in heterogeneous networks (HetNets) facilitates the offloading of extra traffic from the main base station to alternative base stations in the subcells. However, this load transfer faces several challenges. These challenges include resource allocation for establishing D۲D links, selection of suitable subcells and relays, and interference management due to resource sharing. This paper proposes a load balancing scheme where the excess load is transferred from the macrocell base station (MBS) to femtocell base stations (FBS) in the subcells. A multi-hop D۲D relay communication is introduced for load transfer. The load balancing scheme aims to minimize the power consumption of network users while ensuring the threshold quality of service (QoS) for all users. This optimization problem is solved using the proposed algorithm. The scheme not only reduces user power consumption but also enhances network coverage and capacity. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme over previous works.

کلیدواژه ها:

optimal resource allocation ، Heterogeneous networks ، D۲D Relay Communication ، Load Balancing ، power control