Epidemiological burden of Female Breast and Gynecological Cancers in Asian Countries from ۱۹۹۰ to ۲۰۲۱: An Analysis for Global Burden of Disease Study ۲۰۲۱

Background: Female breast and gynecological cancers (FeBGCs) are the most prevalent health concerns and the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies examining the burden of FeBGCs in Asia. This study aims to assess the temporal burden of major FeBGCs in Asia from ۱۹۹۰ to ۲۰۲۱. Methods: The estimates of incidence, death, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and risk factors of breast cancer (BC), cervical cancer (CC), ovarian cancer (OC), and uterine cancer (UC) in ۴۸ Asian countries and global were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) ۲۰۲۱ study from ۱۹۹۰ to ۲۰۲۱. Epidemiological characteristics were analyzed based on age, year, location, risk factors and socio-demographic index (SDI). Results: In ۲۰۲۱, in Asia, BC, CC, OC, and UC contributed to ۱۰,۳۳۵,۱۷۶ (۹۵% CI: ۹,۲۸۰,۴۲۳~۱۱,۴۸۵,۴۰۰), ۵,۳۱۸,۸۳۸ (۹۵% CI: ۴,۷۳۳,۲۳۰~۵,۹۱۶,۳۷۷), ۲,۵۶۸,۸۵۴ (۹۵% CI: ۲,۲۳۳,۱۳۷~۲,۹۹۲,۳۴۱), and ۱,۰۷۶,۱۲۷ (۹۵% CI: ۸۸۹,۷۳۹~۱,۳۰۳,۳۲۸) DALYs, with corresponding increases of ۱.۵۹-fold, ۰.۳۱-fold, ۱.۴۸-fold, and ۰.۷۲-fold since ۱۹۹۰. The highest DALY counts for BC occurred at ages ۵۰-۵۴, while CC, OC, and UC DALY counts peaked at ages ۵۵-۵۹ before declining in older groups. In ۲۰۲۱, a diet high in red meat was the leading contributor to BC DALY in Asia (۱۰.۶%), though its impact slightly declined compared to ۱۹۹۰. High BMI emerged as a significant risk factor for BC, OC, and UC, with its impact on mortality and DALYs nearly doubling in Asia and rising significantly globally from ۱۹۹۰. BC incidence shows a positive correlation with higher SDI levels, while mortality and DALYs exhibit a weak, fluctuating negative association with SDI. CC consistently demonstrates a significant negative association with SDI for all indicators. Conclusions: This study demonstrates BC and OC have seen a significant rise in Asia, especially in Western Asia, while global trends show improvements in mortality and DALYs. Addressing these disparities will require region-specific strategies in cancer prevention and tailored interventions. Keywords: Cancer Burden, Asia, Breast Cancer, Cervical Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Uterine Cancer, Gynecological Cancer, Risk Factors

کلیدواژه ها:

Cancer Burden ، Asia ، Breast Cancer ، Cervical Cancer ، Ovarian Cancer ، Uterine Cancer ، Gynecological Cancer ، Risk Factors