Energy Management in Distribution Network with the Presence of Electric Vehicles and Energy Storage Systems Using the Crow Search Optimization Algorithm

Considering the growth in electrical energy consumption and consequently the increasing investment in the distribution sector, as well as the significant portion of losses in the entire distribution network system, operators have been compelled to propose optimal solutions to mitigate these issues. Energy management aimed at reducing consumption and demand is an effective method for load management under peak load conditions and reducing energy consumption, a method that has been employed by several electricity companies for years. Studies conducted on this method are either based on network modeling, which requires precise information about the real-time status of network loads and the percentage contribution of various loads to the total load, or based on data received from measurement devices installed for consumers. In this paper, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) combined with the integration of renewable energy systems into the power grid offer a promising method to address environmental problems. To this end, a multi-objective algorithm is proposed to optimally locate several renewable energy systems (RES), including parking lots for PHEVs in a distribution system. The proposed algorithm determines the number, locations, and sizes of RES and parking lots. The objective of the proposed algorithm is to minimize the total energy cost of the system. The problem is formulated as an optimization problem solved using the Crow Search Algorithm (CSA), considering power system and PHEV operational constraints. The proposed algorithm is tested on a standard ۳۳-bus distribution system, and the obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

کلیدواژه ها:

Distribution network ، Energy management ، electric vehicles ، Energy storage systems ، Renewable Energy Sources ، Crow Search Algorithm