Optimization the Extraction Efficiency of Phenolic Compounds from Cannabis sativa L. by products using Augmented Simplex-Centroid Design

Cannabis sativa L. holds significant potential for treating a range of medical conditions, including chronic pain, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and nausea caused by chemotherapy. Ongoing studies continue to uncover new therapeutic uses for cannabis and its derivatives. The present study focused on optimizing the extraction of phenolic compounds and evaluating antioxidant activity from the by-products of three C. sativa varieties-Beldia, Khardala, and Critical-collected from the Taounate region in Morocco. An augmented simplex-centroid design was applied, utilizing a solvent mixture of water, methanol, and ethanol. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were measured using the DPPH assay, with extractions carried out via sonication. The optimal solvent combinations for maximizing TPC and antioxidant activity were determined for each variety. For Beldia, the most effective mixture-۴۲% water and ۵۸% methanol-yielded a TPC of ۳۰.۲۸ mg GAE/g dry matter (DM) and an IC₅₀ of ۰.۶۲ mg/mL. In Khardala, the highest TPC (۳۲.۲۸ mg GAE/g DM) was obtained using ۵۲% ethanol and ۴۸% methanol, while the best antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = ۰.۶۲ mg/mL) was observed with a ternary mixture of ۳۸% water, ۳۲% ethanol, and ۳۰% methanol. For the Critical variety, pure methanol led to the highest TPC (۲۷.۶۴ mg GAE/g DM), whereas a mixture of ۴۰% water, ۳۲% ethanol, and ۲۸% methanol provided the most notable antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀ of ۰.۸۸ mg/mL.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cannabis sativa L. varieties ، Co-products ، optimization ، Augmented Simplex-Centroid Design ، Polyphenols ، Antioxidant potency