Richard Rolle and Aḥmad Ḡazālī with an Emphasis on Fire of Love and Sawāniḥ al-ʻušāq

This study compares the views of Richard Rolle (ca. ۱۳۰۰- ۱۳۴۹), an English hermit, mystic, writer and Bible interpreter and Aḥ mad Ḡ azālī (ca. ۱۰۶۰- ۱۱۲۶), an Iranian mystic, writer and preacher on love. These mystics have spoken of love in detail in their works, Fire of Love and Sawāniḥ al-ʻušāq and have shared their mystical experiences with readers. Topics on love in these two books include the essence of love, the beloved, characteristics of a lover, essentials of love, and results of love. Re-examining these categories illustrates the differences and similarities between the two mystics' views on the concept of love. The ideas of Rolle and Ḡ azālī are overlapping in the nature of love, but their views differ significantly on other topics. From Rolle's point of view, love can not be realized except through the religious context and Christian ethics, and it only makes sense in relation to God, Christ, and the Trinity. However, in Ḡ azālī's view, the ontological and psychological aspects of love are more intense, and it is capable of being experienced in relation to God and his creatures. The present study compares the view of this two mystics on the Essense of love in detail.

کلیدواژه ها:

Richard Rolle ، Aḥmad Ḡazālī ، Fire of Love ، Sawāniḥ al-ʻušāq ، Liebe ، mystische Liebe ، göttliche Liebe