Design Of Power Electronics Systems For Hybrid Energy Storage In Mobile Systems

The rapid advancement of mobile systems—including electric vehicles, drones, portable medical devices, and other compact electronics—has highlighted the critical need for efficient and intelligent energy management. Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS), characterized by the combination of technologies such as batteries and supercapacitors, represent a vital response to the growing demands for high power density, optimal energy density, and extended lifespan in mobile applications. However, the effective implementation of HESS is inextricably tied to the deployment of advanced power electronics, which act as the central orchestrator of energy flow, resource coordination, and optimized energy delivery to diverse loads. Power electronics not only enhance overall system performance and efficiency but also ensure reliability and robustness under dynamic and often challenging operational environments. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of power electronics system design for hybrid energy storage in mobile platforms, thoroughly investigating the challenges, emerging technologies, and innovative solutions central to this evolving field. It begins by introducing prevalent energy storage technologies and elucidates the rationale behind hybridizing multiple sources for mobile use. The paper then explores common power electronics architectures, including advanced DC-DC converter topologies, bidirectional converter designs, and strategies tailored to the stringent requirements of size, weight, and efficiency in mobile systems. Energy management is discussed in depth, with emphasis on control strategies such as adaptive and predictive algorithms, artificial intelligence, and real-time optimization for efficient power sharing between storage elements. Furthermore, the article delves into crucial aspects of system health monitoring, accurate state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH) estimation, and advanced protection and safety mechanisms. Thermal management, proper component selection, and solutions for electromagnetic interference (EMI) mitigation are also addressed as key factors for reliable operation. The practical impact of these designs is illustrated through case studies in electric vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and portable medical devices, clarifying the challenges and tangible benefits enabled by advanced power electronics integration. Lastly, the article reviews ongoing research directions, such as adoption of wide-bandgap semiconductors (SiC, GaN), machine-learning-based energy management, and the trend toward highly integrated, modular designs for future mobile energy systems.

کلیدواژه ها:

Hybrid Energy Storage ، Power Electronics ، Mobile Systems ، Energy Management ، DC-DC Converter