Blood Urea Nitrogen and Creatinine Clinical Prognosis in Patients with Severe Coronavirus Disease ۱۹

Background: COVID-۱۹ is a new respiratory tract infection disease with an evolving understanding of its epidemiology and clinical appearances. Kidney defects seem to be common in patients with COVID-۱۹. In addition, urea and creatinine (Cr) levels often occur at the beginning or during the infection. This evidence shows that COVID-۱۹ also attacks the kidneys. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in biochemical parameters associated with kidney function, including urea and Cr, in patients with COVID-۱۹. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the plasma Cr and urea levels of ۱۰۰ COVID-۱۹ patients with normal plasma Cr and urea was conducted at the first clinical presentation of COVID-۱۹. Results: Blood urea nitrogen and Cr levels increased in ۳۵ (۳۵%) out of ۱۰۰ patients with COVID-۱۹ ۲–۴ days after the onset of viral infection. The mean serum urea level and the mean Cr concentration were ۳۴.۷۵±۰.۱۰, ۳۷.۶۴±۰.۳۲, ۳۹.۸۱±۰.۱۰, and ۴۲.۵۶±۰.۳۵ mg/dL, as well as ۱.۵۰±۰.۰۲۶, ۱.۵۱±۰.۰۱۶, ۱.۹۹±۰.۰۱۲, and ۲.۵۸±۰.۰۲۰ mg/dL, respectively, in the first clinical presentation and ۲, ۳, and ۴ days after the onset of viral infection. Conclusion: The analysis of Cr and urea levels in patients at the onset of the disease and after ۲–۴ days revealed that impaired kidney function occurs in COVID-۱۹ patients, and it is one of the leading causes of death in these patients.