Red Sea Weed Amphiroa Fragilissima: Ultrasonic Extraction, Phytochemical Screening, In Vitro Anti-oxidant and Anti-Diabetic Evaluations

Due to their diverse medicinal potential, marine plants, especially red seaweeds, have drawn increasing attention in recent years. Therefore, red seaweed Amphiroa fragilissima was evaluated for its anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties through in vitro enzyme inhibition assays. The extraction process was performed with the help of ultrasonication which extracts maximum number of active metabolites. Extracts of A. fragilissima in petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, and hydroethanol were tested against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The IC۵۰ values for α-glucosidase inhibition were >۳۲۰ μg/ml, ۲۳۶ μg/ml, ۱۴۱.۷۵ μg/ml, ۶۳.۱۳ μg/ml for the extracts, and ۲۵.۹۶ μg/ml for voglibose. For α-amylase, the IC۵۰ values were >۳۲۰ μg/ml, ۷۲.۴۲ μg/ml, ۱۸.۴۱ μg/ml, ۹.۱۴ μg/ml for the extracts, and ۳.۱۲ μg/ml for acarbose. The hydroethanolic extract showed the strongest inhibition of both the enzymes. The petroleum ether extract exhibited no significant inhibition of either enzyme. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH, ABTS, phosphor-molybdenum, and hydrogen peroxide assays. For DPPH scavenging, IC۵۰ values were >۳۲۰ μg/ml, ۱۸۷ μg/ml, ۱۳۱.۶۶ μg/ml, ۶۳.۹۷ μg/ml for the extracts, and ۱۱.۵۹ μg/ml for ascorbic acid. For ABTS scavenging, the IC۵۰ values were >۳۲۰ μg/ml, ۱۱۱.۴۱ μg/ml, ۸۸.۸۹ μg/ml, ۴۴.۰۶ μg/ml, and ۱۶.۸۵ μg/ml for ascorbic acid. The total antioxidant capacity was highest for the methanol and hydroethanolic extracts (۹۵.۷۲% and ۹۵.۰۶%, respectively). The H۲O۲ scavenging potential was the strongest for α-tocopherol, followed by the methanol and hydroethanolic extracts. Overall, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts demonstrated significant anti-diabetic and antioxidant activities (p≤۰.۰۵), whereas petroleum ether showed no significant effects. The results of this study suggest that Amphiroa fragilissima possesses significant anti-diabetic and antioxidant potential, particularly in its methanol and hydroethanolic extracts. These findings support the potential use of these extracts in the development of natural therapeutic agents to manage diabetes and oxidative stress-related conditions

کلیدواژه ها:

α- amylase ، α-G lucosidase ، DPPH ، ABTS ، TAC ، IC۵۰ ، Voglibose and Acarbose