Recombination Mechanisms in Perovskite Materials: A Theoretical and Experimental Perspective

This paper explores the fundamental mechanisms of radiative and non-radiative recombination in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and their impact on device efficiency. Radiative recombination, governed by intrinsic band-to-band transitions, contributes positively through photon recycling, enhancing the open-circuit voltage and aligning with the Shockley-Queisser limit. Non-radiative recombination, driven by defects, grain boundaries, and interfacial imperfections, poses significant efficiency challenges by dissipating energy as heat. Using a comprehensive analysis of mathematical models and physical relationships, we identify key pathways for recombination and evaluate advanced mitigation strategies, including defect passivation, compositional engineering, and interface optimization. The results demonstrate that suppressing non-radiative losses while leveraging photon recycling can significantly improve carrier lifetimes and diffusion lengths, leading to power conversion efficiencies exceeding ۲۵%. This study provides actionable insights into material and device engineering, highlighting the potential of PSCs for scalable and high-efficiency photovoltaic applications.

کلیدواژه ها:

Recombination ، Passivation ، Photoluminescence ، Efficiency ، Stability.