Comparative of Physico-Chemical Properties of Wheat Germ Oil Extracted with Cold Press and Supercritical CO۲ Extraction

In this study, moisture content, free fatty acids, peroxide, iodine value, unsaponifiable matter, saponification value, fatty acid composition and tocopherol contents of wheat germ oil obtained by SC-CO۲ extraction and cold press technology were investigated. Moisture, free fatty acid (FFA), peroxide value, iodine value, unsaponifiable matter and saponification value of cold press and supercritical CO۲ extraction method oils were established as ۰.۰۹۷% and ۱۳.۳۲, ۰.۸۴% and ۵.۹%, ۸.۹ meq O۲/kg and ۱۵.۸, ۱۳۲ and ۱۲۸, ۶.۵ g/kg and ۸.۰۴ and ۱۹۷ and ۱۸۲mg KOH/g, respectively. Major fatty acids of samples were determined as palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids. Campesterol and β-stosterols of wheat germ oils obtained by the cold press and supercritical CO۲ extraction are the major sterols. The germ oil extracted by both methods contained ۲۴.۱۹% and ۲۳.۴۴ % campesterol and ۶۰.۹۸% and ۶۱.۵۶% β-stosterol, respectively. While germ oil obtained supercritical CO۲ extraction contains ۵۰.۶۰% α-tocopherol and ۴۹.۳۹% β-tocopherol, the oil obtained by cold press contained ۷۳.۱۲% α-tocopherol and ۲۶.۸۳% β-tocopherol. Supercritical CO۲ extraction is conducted for the process that must be decided whether the pilot or industrial scale. Supercritical CO۲ extraction that high oil yield is very high investment costs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Wheat germ oil ، cold press ، Süper critical carbon dioxide extraction ، tocopherol ، fatty acids