Design and simulation of thermal management system for lithium-ion batteries of hybrid and electric vehicles

The growing demand for electric and hybrid electric vehicles (EVs and HEVs) has intensified research into improving lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery performance, particularly in thermal management. Li-ion batteries exhibit high energy density and efficiency but are susceptible to thermal issues, which can lead to reduced performance, safety risks, and shorter lifespans. Effective thermal management is essential to maintain optimal operating temperatures, preventing thermal runaway, and enhancing battery longevity. This study investigates the design and simulation of various cooling strategies for Li-ion battery packs used in EVs and HEVs, comparing single cooling systems with integrated solutions. A comprehensive thermal management system is developed, incorporating forced-air cooling and phase change materials (PCMs) to assess their effectiveness in mitigating temperature rise and thermal gradients within battery packs. Simulations and experimental analyses are conducted to evaluate temperature distribution, cooling efficiency, and the impact of harsh driving conditions on battery performance. The results demonstrate that a hybrid cooling approach, combining forced-air convection and PCM, significantly reduces maximum battery temperature and enhances uniform heat dissipation. The study’s findings contribute to the development of more efficient battery thermal management systems, addressing safety concerns while enhancing heat dissipation and temperature regulation. These insights are valuable for advancing next-generation electric vehicle technology, optimizing energy storage solutions, and promoting the sustainable adoption of electrified transportation.

کلیدواژه ها:

Lithium-ion batteries ، Thermal management ، Electric vehicles ، Phase Change Materials ، Battery Cooling Systems