Experimental Investigation of IFT Changes by GO-SiO۲-TiO۲ Nanofluids

Nanofluids incorporating nanocomposites have proven to be more economically viable and effective in Lowering Interfacial Tension (IFT) than both surfactant solutions and various hybrid formulations, including nanoparticle-surfactant and nanocomposite-surfactant hybrids. In this research, a novel nanocomposite consisting of graphene oxide, silicon dioxide, and titanium dioxide (GO-SiO۲-TiO۲) was utilized at varying concentrations to achieve significant reductions in IFT. The objective was to identify the optimal concentration of the GO-SiO۲-TiO۲ nanofluid that would minimize the IFT between the nanofluid and kerosene to the greatest extent possible. Initially, the GO-SiO۲-TiO۲ nanocomposite was synthesized specifically for this purpose. Subsequently, a series of analytical techniques including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and ThermoGravimetric Analysis (TGA) were employed to verify the successful synthesis of the nanocomposite and to characterize its properties. Following this, nanofluids containing the GO-SiO۲-TiO۲ nanocomposite were prepared in five concentrations: ۰ (the deionized water and the reference state), ۱۰۰, ۵۰۰, ۱۵۰۰, and ۲۵۰۰ ppm. To measure the IFT values between these nanofluids and kerosene under ambient conditions, the Du Noüy ring technique was used. The IFT measurements obtained were ۲۱.۹۶, ۹.۶۷, ۵.۴۸, ۲.۳۲, and ۱.۱۱ mN/m respectively. From these results, it was evident that the ۲۵۰۰ ppm concentration of the GO-SiO۲-TiO۲ nanofluid dramatically reduced the IFT from the reference value of ۲۱.۹۶ mN/m to the lowest observed value of ۱.۱۱ mN/m.

کلیدواژه ها:

Nanocomposite ، GO-SiO۲-TiO۲ nanofluids ، IFT reduction ، Du noüy ring