Investigating The Antimicrobial Activity of Niosome Coated with Chitosan Containing Amikacin Against Clinical Strains Of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated from Patient`s Wounds

Introduction and purpose: Klebsiella pneumoniae can cause pneumonia, bloodstream infections, wound or surgical site infections, and meningitis. Some Klebsiella bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. Considering the antibiotic resistance to amikacin in clinical strains and the resulting nephrotoxicity, as well as the unique antibacterial benefits of chitosan, this study for the first time attempted to synthesize niosomes coated with chitosan containing amikacin and to investigate the antibacterial properties against patients wound isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Method: In this study, chitosan-coated niosomes containing drug were synthesized by thin layer hydration method and their size and morphology were confirmed by DLS, and SEM techniques, and the drug release rate and stability of niosomes were measured. Antibacterial effects were evaluated using MIC tests, and time kill assay and anti-biofilm effect was evaluated using crystal violet test and changes in fimH gene expression using Real-Time PCR method. Results: After isolating ۲۰ strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae from patients' wounds, the chitosan-coated niosomes containing drug exhibited the smallest MIC, which was ۱۶-fold lower than amikacin and ۴-fold lower than the drug-loaded niosomes. The biofilm study showed that chitosan-coated niosomes containing drug had the most effect in the reduction of biofilm formation compared to free drug and drug-loaded niosomes which was confirmed by the significant reduction in the fimH gene expression. Discussion and conclusion: As a result, the loading of antibiotics in functionalized structures of niosomes can reduce antibiotic resistance and be a new method to deal with infectious bacteria in wounds.

کلیدواژه ها:

Klebsiella pneumoniae ، Amikacin ، Niosome ، Chitosan ، Biofilm ، Wound infection