Investigation and comparison of laboratory findings and cardiac complications between children with Kawasaki disease and multisystem inflammatory syndrome

Background and aim: One of the phenomena observed during the COVID-۱۹ pandemic is the emergence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children and adolescents (MIS-C). Patients with this condition exhibit some overlapping symptoms with those of Kawasaki Disease (KD). Both Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome are pathological conditions associated with vascular inflammation and cardiac complications. This study aims to assess and compare laboratory findings and cardiac complications in children diagnosed with both conditions. Method: In this study, after the clinical diagnosis of MIS-C and Kawasaki Disease, demographic, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic data of the patients were entered into a checklist for evaluation. Ultimately, all information was entered into SPSS version ۲۶ and analyzed using T-test and Chi-square tests. A significance level of ۰.۰۵ was considered for all tests. Results: A total of ۱۱۵ patients were examined in this study. Among these, ۹۲ patients were in the MIS-C group and ۲۴ patients were in the Kawasaki group. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups concerning age, gender, thrombocytopenia, and fibrinogen levels (P>۰.۰۰۵). However, statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding white blood cell counts, lymphopenia, platelets, hemoglobin, ESR, cardiac output, pericardial effusion, vascular ectasia, and mild mitral regurgitation (MR) (P<۰.۰۰۵). No statistically significant differences were noted regarding moderate to severe vascular aneurysms, as well as moderate tricuspid regurgitation (TR) between the two groups (P>۰.۰۰۵). Conclusion: Early diagnosis and proper management of cardiac complications in children with KD and MIS-C are essential to prevent long-term complications. Further studies are needed to deepen our understanding of the disease mechanisms and cardiac complications in these two clinical conditions.

کلیدواژه ها:

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome ، Kawasaki disease ، children ، COVID-۱۹