Background: Patients with
gastrointestinal cancers commonly experience acute and chronic pain. This study aimed to determine the effect of
deep diaphragmatic breathing on acute and chronic
pain in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancers. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in Kermanshah-Iran in ۲۰۲۲. The sample consisted of ۴۴ patients hospitalized in the oncology ward, who were selected by convenient sampling and randomly allocated into case and control groups. The case group performed diaphragmatic deep breathing intervention for ۱۰ days, twice a day, for ۱۰ minutes. The subjects completed
pain assessment tools before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version ۲۴. Results: The study included participants with a Mean and Standard Deviation(SD) age of ۵۳.۹۵ ± ۱۰.۵۱ years. The case and control groups were similar in terms of demographic variables. The mean and sd acute
pain score before the intervention was ۳.۵۰±۱.۸۴ in the experimental group and ۲.۱۸±۱.۶۵ in the control group (p=۰.۰۱). However, after the intervention, the score decreased to ۱.۷۲±۱.۰۷ in the experimental group and increased to ۳.۷۲±۱.۹۵ in the control group (p=۰.۰۰۱). The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of chronic
pain before the intervention (p=۰.۰۷). However, after the intervention, the score decreased in the experimental group and increased in the control group, with a significant difference (p=۰.۰۱). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that
deep diaphragmatic breathing reduces
pain in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Including this method as a routine care program for cancer patients is recommended. Keywords: gastrointestinal cancers, deep diaphragmatic breathing, pain,
nursing Trial registration: Approval number: IRCT۲۰۲۲۰۱۰۴۰۵۳۶۲۸N۱, date: ۲۰۲۲-۰۲-۰۵ Key Message: This clinical trial investigated the effect of
deep diaphragmatic breathing on acute and chronic
pain in patients with gastrointestinal cancers. The results indicate that performing diaphragmatic deep breathing for ۱۰ days, twice daily for ten minutes, reduced acute and chronic pain
