Relationship between ecological footprint, clean energy, urbanization and economic growth: empirical evidence from low and high governance quality Asian countries

In recent decades, the issue of economic growth and development, along with controlling and maintaining the quality of the environment, or in fact sustainable development, has been considered by researchers and policymakers. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to examine the relationship between ecological footprints (EFP) as an indicator of environmental quality, clean energy, urbanization, and economic growth over the period ۱۹۹۰ to ۲۰۲۲ for ۲۶ Asian countries, divided into high and low governance panel according to the quality of governance. The empirical result reveals unidirectional causality from GDP to EFP in the short and long run for countries with lower quality of governance and bidirectional causality between GDP and EFP in the short and long run for higher governance countries. The results of panel DOLS estimation indicate that GDP has a statically significant and positive impact on EFP, while in the lower governance panel, the intensity of this effect is more than higher governance panel. Findings revealed statistically significant and negative effects of clean energy on EFP in all panels.

کلیدواژه ها:

EFP ، Clean Energy ، GDP ، Urbanization