Milk-derived Exosomes to Overcome Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-Brain Tumor Barrier

Introduction: Virtually all bodily fluids contain exosomes, which are nanoscale vesicles with approximately ۳۰–۱۲۰ nm in size. For the treatment of glioblastoma, several strategies have been developed that are capable of overcoming both the intact blood-brain barrier and the blood-brain tumor barrier. In this regard, natural vehicles such as exosomes have emerged as effective methods of drug delivery that do not require invasive procedures. Method: This is an overview study. The keywords “Blood-Brain Barrier”, “milk-derived exosomes” and “Blood-Brain Tumor Barrier” were used for Science databases the search in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of for studies published. Result: In treating brain tumors such as glioblastoma, exosomes are useful drug delivery tools because they can cross the blood-brain barrier. Chemotherapeutics can be delivered through milk exosomes, which can carry hydrophilic and lipophilic agents. Also, a variety of biological processes are affected by exosomes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and immune response. During long-term storage, exosomes are highly resistant to freeze-thaw cycles and degradation. Furthermore, administered exosomes are not immunogenic. Exosomes do not adversely affect gene expression, unlike viral vectors. As a final note, exosome membranes and their cargo can be used to provide individualized treatment to specific tumors. Conclusion: In addition to their physical and biological stability, scalability of manufacturing processes, capability to function with ligands for targeting, and versatility of agents they can carry, there is a wide range of therapeutic applications for milk-derived exosomes as drug delivery vehicles. Therefore, milk can be used to harvest large quantities of exosomes in a cost-effective and biocompatible manner.

کلیدواژه ها:

Tumor-targeting ، Milk-derived exosomes ، Drug delivery