نظام حقوق حاکم بر فناوری های مبتنی بر هوش مصنوعی با ریسک بالا در حقوق بین الملل با نگاهی بر مقررات اتحادیه اروپایی

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چکیده :

کاربرد هوش مصنوعی چالشهای مختلفی را در زیست اجتماعی انسانها رقم زده که نظام حقوقی موظف به سامان دهی آن می باشد. اما کاربرد سیستم های هوش مصنوعی و گستردگی این کاربرد به گونه ای است که نه فقط نظام های حقوقی داخلی بلکه نظام حقوق بین الملل نیز به دنبال تنظیم گری آن است. مساله حائز اهمیت در تنظیم گری هوش مصنوعی تنوع بالای این سیستمها، کاربرد گسترده آنها و درجه استقلال آنها از عوامل انسانی است. در این پژوهش این پرسش مطرح می شود که چه اولویتهایی برای تنظیم گری هوش مصنوعی وجود دارد و چه ضمانت اجراهایی را می توان برای آن در چارچوب نظام حقوق بین الملل پیشنهاد کرد. تاکنون مقالات و کتابهای متعددی در این خصوص نگاشته شده اما عمدتا از منظر حقوق خصوصی آن را بررسی نموده اند و نتوانسته اند مسئله تنظیم گری هوش مصنوعی در حقوق بین الملل را تشریح نمایند. این پژوهش با روش کتابخانه ای تنظیم شده و ابتدا به تعریف هوش مصنوعی و انواع سیستمهای آن می پردازد و سپس قواعد اتحادیه اروپایی، سازمان ملل و سایر سازمانهای بین المللی و مقررات داخلی کشورها را در این خصوص تشریح می نماید.

کلیدواژه ها:

هوش مصنوعی ، سیستم هوش مصنوعی با ریسک بالا ، حقوق بین الملل ، اتحادیه اروپایی ، حقوق‎بشر

نویسندگان

محمدرضا مشرفیان

دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد حقوق بین الملل، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

محمدرضا علیپور

استادیار حقوق بین الملل دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

علی زارع

استادیار حقوق خصوصی دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

محسن محبی

استادیار حقوق بین الملل دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

مراجع و منابع این :

لیست زیر مراجع و منابع استفاده شده در این را نمایش می دهد. این مراجع به صورت کاملا ماشینی و بر اساس هوش مصنوعی استخراج شده اند و لذا ممکن است دارای اشکالاتی باشند که به مرور زمان دقت استخراج این محتوا افزایش می یابد. مراجعی که مقالات مربوط به آنها در سیویلیکا نمایه شده و پیدا شده اند، به خود لینک شده اند :
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