Comparison of Window Design on Indoor Environment Quality in Cold and Moderate-Humid Climates of Iran

Iran's climatic landscape is characterized by diverse zones, ranging from arid deserts to humid coastal regions, with cold and moderate-humid climates primarily located in the northern and western regions. Cold climate zones, such as those in the Alborz and Zagros mountains, experience severe winters with substantial temperature fluctuations. Conversely, moderate-humid climates, prevalent along the Caspian Sea coast, are characterized by mild winters and elevated humidity levels. These distinct climatic conditions necessitate tailored window designs to optimize thermal comfort while minimizing energy consumption. In cold climates, the study emphasizes the importance of windows with high insulation and low U-values to minimize heat loss and maintain thermal comfort, aligning with the findings of Zhang et al. (۲۰۱۹). Conversely, in moderate-humid climates, the study highlights the need to balance natural light and heat gain to prevent overheating while ensuring adequate daylighting, as demonstrated by Liu et al. (۲۰۲۰). Additionally, the research acknowledges the role of window design in facilitating natural ventilation and improving indoor air quality, which is vital for occupant health and well-being (Wang et al., ۲۰۱۷). This research thoroughly examines the relationship between window design and thermal comfort in Iran's diverse climatic regions, specifically the cold and moderate-humid zones. The study seeks to determine how specific window design elements, such as WWR, and window position influenced daylight and thermal comfort. By investigating these factors, the research aims to offer comprehensive guidelines for optimizing window design to enhance thermal comfort in varying climatic conditions. In cold regions, maximizing solar heat gain and minimizing heat loss is paramount, while in moderate-humid areas, the focus shifts to balancing heat gain and natural ventilation to mitigate moisture-related problems (Chen et al., ۲۰۲۰). The research also explores the impact of window design on occupant comfort and satisfaction, noting that features like ample daylighting, views of the outdoors, and sound insulation can significantly enhance indoor environment quality (Liu et al., ۲۰۱۹; Zhang et al., ۲۰۱۸). By incorporating current and pertinent references, this study delivers a comprehensive and well-supported analysis of the interconnections between window design and indoor environment quality in Iran's cold and moderate-humid climates. The results offer valuable insights for architects, engineers, and policymakers seeking to develop effective window design strategies that optimize indoor comfort, energy efficiency, and overall building performance.

کلیدواژه ها:

Thermal comfort ، Daylight ، window to wall ratio