Effects of Prophylactic Aminophylline Therapy on Clinical Outcomes in Premature Infants ≤ ۳۳ Weeks

Aminophylline is utilized to treat apnea of prematurity (AOP) during the critical first ۷۲ hours of life. The aim of this study was to quantify the disparity in the length of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and the likelihood of subsequent mechanical ventilation (MV) requirement within the initial ۷۲ hours of life among preterm neonates born prior to ۳۳ weeks of gestation, stratified by receipt of aminophylline therapy versus no aminophylline therapy. A retrospective cohort design was followed to examine ۱۳۳ preterm infants admitted to the neonatal critical care unit (NICU) gestational age (GA) of ≤ ۳۳ weeks over a three-year period. Infants were separated into two groups: ۶۹ infants received aminophylline and ۶۴ others did not. Males comprised ۲۹ (۴۵.۳%) and ۳۴ (۴۹.۳%) in control and aminophylline groups, respectively. Aminophylline treatment did not significantly impact the CPAP period (p=۰.۱۸); however, it had been related to a noteworthy decrease in MV (۵ (۷.۵%) in aminophylline group vs. ۲۰ (۳۱.۳%) in controls, p=۰.۰۰۲) and oxygen support (۴.۴۱ days in aminophylline group vs. ۶.۶۴ days in controls, p=۰.۰۰۵). The study demonstrated a significantly higher increase in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) (۱ (۱.۶%) in controls vs. ۸ (۱۱.۶%) in aminophylline group) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage ۲ or more (۷ (۱۰.۹%) in controls vs. ۱۵ (۲۱.۷%) in aminophylline group). The aminophylline group had a significantly lower mortality rate than controls (۴ (۵.۸%) vs. ۱۶ (۲۵%), respectively, p=۰.۰۰۲). Aminophylline has been linked to a significant reduction in oxygen and MV support, and a decreased mortality rate. Therefore, further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effect on respiratory health and neurodevelopment.

کلیدواژه ها:

Aminophylline ، apnoea of prematurity ، continuous positive airway pressure ، Mechanical Ventilation ، neonatal mortality