Apostasy, its causes and conditions of realization from the perspective of Islamic sects

Today, apostasy is one of the most controversial issues in the contemporary Islamic world; it is called denying religion and choosing a hostile form of disbelief. Some other titles and elements, such as showing denial, intention and choice, etc., are involved in the validity of the title of apostasy, without which any manifestations contrary to religion and Shariah cannot be referred to as apostasy. For this reason, how to define it, examine the causes and conditions of its realization from the perspective of Islamic schools is an issue that this research seeks to answer. The results obtained by using library resources, in a way that analyzes and describes the propositions, show that the jurisprudential view of Islamic schools, while being unified on the definition of apostasy, is not unified on its types, causes and conditions. Some consider the intention to cause suspicion and discord among the Islamic community to be a condition for apostasy to occur; and others consider it to be simply showing denial of religion. As for the types and gender of apostates, Sunni jurists do not generally agree with the term "diversified apostasy", while Shiite jurists divide apostates into two types: natural and national, and state the jurisprudential ruling for each differently. Similarly, there are sometimes differences of opinion regarding the causes and conditions for apostasy, as some consider apostasy in children to be possible, while others consider their apostasy to have no religious effect. Of course, the study of the jurisprudential rulings on apostasy can be examined in a separate article.

کلیدواژه ها:

apostasy ، ruling ، conditions ، schools ، causes ، apostate ، repentance ، punishment ، woman ، Man