Sumerian Art and History of its Architecture

Sumeria was the World's first civilization, dating from before ۳۰۰۰ bc in Mesopotamia. The Sumerians are credited with inventing cuneiform writing, the first basic socio-political institutions, and a money-based economy. Sumerian architecture is characterized by its monumental structures, primarily religious buildings, which began to emerge around ۳۱۰۰ BCE with the founding of Sumerian cities and the invention of writing. The architecture of this period is marked by the construction of platform temples and ground-level temples, both of which were elaborately designed and ornamented. They also developed the ziggurat, which became prominent in cities like Ur, Eridu, and Nippur. Sumerian architecture was heavily influenced by the lack of natural resources like stone and wood, leading to the use of brickwork and innovative construction techniques such as corbeled vaulting. Major cities were Ur, Kish, and Lagash. During the third millennium bc, Sumeria developed into an imperial power. In c.۲۳۴۰ bc, the Semitic peoples of Akkadia conquered Mesopotamia, and by c.۱۹۵۰ bc, the ancient civilization had disintegrated. This research is about the birth of architecture and Sumerians' achievements and how it influenced modern life.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cuneiform Writing ، History of Art ، Mesopotamian ، Sculpture ، Sumer ، Sumerian Architecture ، Ziggurat