Response Surface Methodology Applied to the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Zingiber officinale Oleoresin

This study explores the extraction of oleoresin from the rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale) using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) extraction and Soxhlet extraction techniques. Key operational parameters for SC-CO₂ extraction, including pressure (۱۰–۲۰ MPa), temperature (۳۵–۴۵ °C), and flow rate (۱۰–۱۶ g min⁻¹), were optimized to evaluate their influence on extraction yield, radical scavenging activity, and total phenolic content. A Box–Behnken design was employed for experimental design and analysis. Regression analysis confirmed that the experimental data conformed well to both linear and second-order polynomial models. The SC-CO₂ method achieved a maximum oleoresin yield of ۶.۴۷ ± ۰.۰۷%, significantly higher than the ۳.۱۹ ± ۰.۲۲% obtained using Soxhlet extraction. The antioxidant potential of the extracts, determined through ۲,۲-diphenyl-۱-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, revealed values of ۵۰.۷۰ ± ۰.۵۲% for SC-CO₂ extraction and ۸۸.۵۰ ± ۰.۱۸% for Soxhlet extraction. The total phenolic content, quantified via the Folin–Ciocalteu method, was ۱۰۳.۲۴ ± ۱.۵۸% for SC-CO₂ extracts under optimal conditions, compared to ۳۱.۱۰ ± ۰.۲۸% for Soxhlet extracts.

کلیدواژه ها:

Zingiber officinale ، Oleoresin ، Supercritical carbon dioxide ، Response surface optimization ، Antioxidant Activity ، Total phenolic content