Severe and Explosive Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Young Man Afflicted by Dieulafoy’s Lesion: A Case Report Study

Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding is reported to account for up to ۵% of all gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhages. Dieulafoy’s lesion is one of the causes of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, predominantly occurring in the proximal stomach. Dieulafoy’s lesions (DLs), initially identified by French surgeon Paul Georges Dieulafoy (۱۸۳۹–۱۹۱۱), are characterized as a superficial ulcer accompanied by a large arteriole in the submucosal layer. Massive bleeding from these lesions can be life-threatening and result in fatality unless appropriate treatment is promptly initiated. In this article, we refer to a young patient who was afflicted by this lesion. A ۲۵-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain and nausea. Shortly after admission, he experienced sudden, explosive hematemesis, resulting in significant blood loss, with no prior history of gastrointestinal illness. Subsequently, the patient underwent an endoscopic examination, which revealed no evidence of gastric ulcers. Upon the physician's recommendation, further investigations were conducted, and the patient was admitted to the hospital. Following a second endoscopy, the diagnosis of Dieulafoy's lesion was confirmed for the patient. The treatment measures performed for the patient included five units of blood bags and drug therapy as prescribed by the doctor. Then the patient was discharged after being hospitalized for ۳ days and was followed up again for ۳ months with no problems. Dieulafoy’s lesions are a rare case of gastrointestinal bleeding that can manifest itself with sudden vomiting. Paying attention to the patient's symptoms and performing accurate diagnostic tests can help in reaching this diagnosis.

کلیدواژه ها:

Gastrointestinal Bleeding ، Dieulafoy’s Lesion ، Hematemesis