The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on COVID-۱۹ Infection: A Case-Control Study

Background: The COVID-۱۹ pandemic has impacted the socioeconomic situation worldwide, but another issue is the impact of socioeconomic status on the rate of coronavirus infections.Objectives: This study aims to examine the socioeconomic status of individuals infected with COVID-۱۹.Methods: This case-control study was conducted on ۷۶۸ hospitalized patients at ۷ hospitals in Tehran, Iran from ۲۰۲۰ to ۲۰۲۱. The study included two groups: a case group of ۳۸۴ hospitalized COVID-۱۹ patients and a control group of ۳۸۴ individuals hospitalized. A socioeconomic status questionnaire was used for data collection. The data were analyzed using SPSS v.۲۶ software, descriptive statistical tests, and logistic regression. A significance level of less than ۰.۰۵ was considered.Results: The findings indicated a significant relationship between age (OR = ۱.۰۱۷), marital status (OR = ۰.۳۱۶), and education level (OR = ۰.۳۴۸) with the rate of infection. Individuals over ۶۰ years old, married, and those with higher education had a greater chance of infection. The regression results for two components of economic class and housing status, categorized by housing prices and purchasing ability, were not significant (P >۰.۰۵). However, there was a significant relationship between income level (P <۰.۰۵, OR = ۰.۴۹۷) and the rate of infections; individuals with lower income had a lower chance of infection.Conclusion: The researchers concluded that the Hygiene Hypothesis may influence the rate of COVID-۱۹ infection among individuals; however, further research in this area is needed.

کلیدواژه ها:

Hygiene Hypothesis ، Coronavirus ، COVID-۱۹ infection ، Socioeconomic status